| General |
A
Capsule History of Tobacco
Huron Indian myth has it that in ancient times,
when the land was barren and the people were starving, the Great Spirit
sent forth a woman to save humanity. As she traveled over the world,
everywhere her right hand touched the soil, there grew potatoes. And
everywhere her left hand touched the soil, there grew corn. And when
the world was rich and fertile, she sat down and rested. When she arose,
there grew tobacco . . .
http://www.tobacco.org/History/Tobacco_History.html
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American Truths
To avoid repeating or continuing the tragedies
of 'History,' we must realize that today's controversies, confusions,
and conflicts are parallel-to, continuations-of, and legacies-from our
Common Past.
http://www.americantruths.com/who.html
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The Canadian
Canoe Museum
The Largest collection of Canoes and Kayaks showing the history of Canada's
Indigenous People
http://www.canoemuseum.net/
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The Curtis Collection
The Curtis Collection has ownership of the world's largest, most extensive
collections of Copper Photogravure Plates ever produced or assembled.
These Copper Photogravure Plates represent the life work of Edward Sheriff
Curtis and his massive documentation of Native Americans, "The
North America Indian". The plates are both historic documentation
of Native Americans and priceless artifacts.
http://www.curtis-collection.com/
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"Edward
S. Curtis's The North American Indian: Photographic Images"
In 1998, Northwestern University Library was awarded a grant from the
Library of Congress/Ameritech National Digital Library Competition to
support the digitization of all of the illustrations contained in the
volumes and portfolios of its copy of The North American Indian. Northwestern
also created detailed indexing that permits retrieval of the images
by personal name, tribal affiliation, geocultural region, and subject
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award98/ienhtml/curthome.html
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History
Quiz - Did you know?
Did
High School History Prepare You to Take This Test...
Based on information in Lies My Teacher Told Me, here are 23 questions
to test your knowledge of the quirks and quarks of American history.
http://stork.history.uiuc.edu/cgi-bin/quiz.pl/ask/quest.html
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Images
of Native Americans
The Bancroft Library presents "Images of
Native Americans," a digital companion to an exhibit of rare books,
photographs, illustrations, and other archival and manuscript materials
that debuted in the Fall of 2000, to celebrate the acquisition of the
University of California, Berkeley Library's nine millionth volume.
http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/Exhibits/nativeamericans/index2.html
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Keepers
of the Treasures
The Keepers
of the Treasures is a cultural council of American Indians, Alaska Natives
and Native Hawaiians who preserve, affirm, and celebrate their cultures
through traditions and programs that maintain their native languages
and lifeways.
http://www2.cr.nps.gov/tribal/keepers.html
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Lies My Teacher Told Me
American history is full of fantastic
and important stories. These stories have the power to spellbind audiences,
even audiences of difficult seventh graders. Yet they sleep through
the classes that present it. What has gone wrong?
http://www.uvm.edu/~jloewen/
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Native American
History Photos
"This collection of historical photographs is provided with the
permission of Facts on File, Inc., and is a comprehensive collection
of images of Native American people. The collection is arranged chronologically
from the prehistoric period and the Paleo-Indians to 1990 and the appointment
of R. Richard West as director of the National Museum of the American
Indian. The collection includes information and images which describe
the lifeways of various tribes and include historical entries for
particular Indian groups. Narrative
is provided that provides the historical and cultural background describing
the event, person, or subject presented."
http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/
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Not
Just for Kids! A Thanksgiving Lesson Plan
For an Indian, who is also a school teacher,
Thanksgiving was never an easy holiday for me to deal with in class.
I sometimes have felt like I learned too much about "the Pilgrims
and the Indians." Every year I have been faced with the professional
and moral dilemma of just how to be honest and informative with my children
at Thanksgiving without passing on historical distortions, and racial
and cultural stereotypes.
http://www.night.net/thanksgiving/lesson-plan.html
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Petroglyphs and Rock
Paintings
"I find ROCK PAINTING preferable to
PICTOGRAPH, even though the latter term is widely used and generally
understood to signify a design painted or drawn on rock. ROCK ART, as
defined [here], includes PETROGLYPHS (designs pecked, scratched, abraded
or otherwise cut into cliffs, boulders, bedrock, or any natural rock
surface) and ROCK PAINTINGS (designs painted in similar locations)"
http://www.execpc.com/~jcampbel/
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Promontory
Cave Moccasins:
A Save America's Treasures conservation
project at the Utah Museum of Natural History.
http://www.umnh.utah.edu/museum/departments/anthropology/sat.html
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Welcome
to the Treaty Index Series
This Index Series has been created by Timm Severud
(aka Ondamitag/Host Onda). I have a passion for this subject matter,
because in the process of creating the Treaty Text Files in the Treaty
Library on AOL, I gained a different insight on history. The treaties
talk to the attitudes of peoples of those times.
http://hometown.aol.com/Ondamitag/index.html
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Upper
Midwest Rock Art Research Association
The Upper Midwest Rock Art Research Association
is dedicated to publicizing the petroglyph and pictograph research being
conducted in the Upper Midwest of the United States, including - but
not limited to - Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, North and South Dakota.
http://www.tcinternet.net/users/cbailey/index.htm
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US
Treaties With Indians
This is a major treaty site. Has an interesting
graph of the results of many of the early treaties
http://www.wickiup.com/wickiup/treaty/trty1776.html
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Wampum: Beads,
Belts, & Repatriation
Wampum beads are used to make wampum strings and wampum belts, which
have very important spiritual, political, and cultural meaning to the
Haudenosaunee. Wampum strings are used in Haudenosaunee Ceremonies,
and they are used to mark the importance of events and meetings.
http://hometown.aol.com/graydeer/WAMPUM.HTM
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| Events |
Bosque
Redondo
When you say "Bosque Redondo"
it has a melodious, pleasant sound, but the reality is just the opposite.
It was the scene of one of the saddest events in the nation's history.
http://www.southernnewmexico.com/snm/redondo.html
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Burial On
The Trail
Tradition and heritage run deep in the collective souls of the Five
Civilized Tribes. Centuries before European contact these tribes built
communities, developed agricultural economies and created complex tribal
governments. The winds of change began to blow and life as they knew
it ended as European settlers invaded their nations.
http://fivetribes.com/burial_on_the_trail.htm
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The
Dakota Conflict Trials of 1862
The hanging, following trials which condemned
over three hundred participants in the 1862 Dakota Conflict, stands
as the largest mass execution in American history. Only the unpopular
intervention of President Lincoln saved 265 other Dakota from the fate
met by the less fortunate thirty-eight. The mass hanging was the concluding
scene in the opening chapter of a story of American-Sioux conflict that
would not end until the Seventh Calvary completed its massacre at Wounded
Knee, South Dakota, on December 29, 1890.
http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/FTrials/dakota/dakota.html
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DAKOTA EXILE
On the day after Christmas 1862, the United
States hanged 38 Dakota men in Mankato, Minnesota and drove a people
out of the state. The heroic story of their brave struggle to survive
is told by the Dakota themselves in DAKOTA EXILE - a sequel to the critically
acclaimed KTCA documentary, THE DAKOTA CONFLICT.
http://www.tpt.org/dakota/
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Great
Peace of 1701
Listen To the CBC Story of the Signing of the Great Peace of Montreal
http://radio.cbc.ca/news/w6docs/peace/default.html
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The
Long Walk - the 300-mile, forced walk to exile in New Mexico.
The Diné, or Navajo as they were called by the Spanish, share
a common Athabascan ancestry with the Apache. The Diné emulated
the Pueblo, shedding their animal skin clothing for cotton and learning
quickly to farm. They settled in, herding sheep and growing corn in
the canyons and mesas between the Rio Grande and the Grand Canyon.
http://www.viewzone.com/day3w.html
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Minnesota's
Uncivil War
A war fought in the Minnesota River valley back
in 1862 still leaves scars today. On one side were the Dakota Indians.
On the other, settlers and the U.S. government. Hundreds of people died
on both sides of the five-week long war. It lead to the largest mass
execution in U.S. history, when 38 Dakota were hanged in Mankato.
http://news.mpr.org/features/200209/23_steilm_1862-m/index.shtml
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Sandy
Lake Tragedy
Listen to the story of the Sandy Lake Tragedy
http://www.wisconsinstories.org/ram/season1/native/sandylake.ram
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Spirit
Warriors - Little Bighorn Aboriginal Monument
As an element
of the Aboriginal Memorial, the Spirit Warriors sculpture will occupy
a prominent position on the northwest facing outer ring of the ceremonial
circle. The sculpture is envisioned as a two-dimensional line drawing
framed by the walls of the memorial and etched against the high prairie
landscape and the big Montana sky. The sculpture is meant to convey
the living spirit of three mounted warriors racing free across the plains.
http://www.sisterwolf.com/sculpture/index.html
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Tears in the Sand
Rocky Mountain PBS brings you one of the most comprehensive documentaries
available on the Sand Creek Massacre. Our producer tells you the inside
story with the help of Southern Cheyenne tribal members.
http://www.krma.org/tears/
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Treaty
of Fort Laramie, 1851
Articles of a treaty made and concluded
at Fort Laramie, in the Indian Territory, between D. D. Mitchell, superintendent
of Indian affairs, and Thomas Fitzpatrick, Indian agent, commissioners
specially appointed and authorized by the President of the United States,
of the first part, and the chiefs, headmen, and braves of the following
Indian nations, residing south of the Missouri River, east of the Rocky
Mountains, and north of the lines of Texas and New Mexico, viz, the
Sioux or Dahcotahs, Cheyennes, Arrapahoes, Crows, Assinaboines, Gros-Ventre
Mandans, and Arrickaras, parties of the second part, on the seventeenth
day of September, A.D. one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. (a)
http://www.canku-luta.org/PineRidge/laramie_treaty.html
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Two Row Wampum
Treaty Info
The Two Row Wampum Belt says:
"This symbolizes the agreement under which the Iroquois/Haudenosaunee
welcomed the white peoples to their lands. 'We will NOT be like father
and son, but like brothers. These TWO ROWS will symbolize vessels, travelling
down the same river together. One will be for the Original People, their
laws, their customs, and the other for the European people and their
laws and customs. We will each travel the river together, but each in
our own boat. And neither of us will try to steer the other's vessel.'"
The agreement has been kept by the Iroquois/Haudenosaunee to this date.
http://members.aol.com/Miketben/Miketben.htm
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