| Virginia
(Powhatan) |
Mattaponi Tribe
The Mattaponi Indian Reservation was created
from land long held by the Tribe by an act of the Virginia General
Assembly in 1658. Being one of the oldest reservations in the country.
http://www.baylink.org/Mattaponi/
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Matter of Perspective:
Virginia's Indian Trib…
As of the 1990 census, there were 16,391 Native
Americans currently residing in Virginia. Some are members of Virginia's
recognized tribes. Representatives from tribes all over the United
States now consider Virginia home.
http://www.vmnh.org/native.htm
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Nansemond
At the time of the Jamestown Settlement in
1607 the Nansemond tribe was located in the general area of Reeds Ferry,
near Chuckatuck, in the current city of Suffolk, Virginia.
http://www.nansemond.nativeland.com/
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Pamunkey Tribe
The history of the Pamunkey Tribe has
been recorded by archaeologist, anthropologist and historians and
dates back ten to twelve thousand years.
http://www.baylink.org/pamunkey
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Virginia Council on Indians
Homepage
March, 1982, the House of Delegates, the Senate
concurring, created a subcommittee consisting of eleven members to
undertake a comprehensive study of the historic dealings and relationship
between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the Virginia Indian Tribes.
The joint subcommittee report, resulted in the formation of the "Commission
on Indians".
http://indians.vipnet.org/
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| Wampanoag |
Wampanoag
Indians - History, Culture, and Heritage
The Children's Museum and Wampanoag Indian Advisors jointly offer
this website to help educators present the history of Wampanoag people
with accuracy and respect.
http://www.bostonkids.org/teachers/TC/index.htm
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Massachusetts
Indian language
In 1634, William Woods' book New England's Prospect
was published. He had visited Massachusetts for several years. What
follows is a reprint of the last portion of his book--a list of the
words he picked up from the Native Americans living in Massachusetts.
http://members.aol.com/calebj/language.html
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Wampanoag Tribe of Gay
Head Aquinnah:
The ancestors of Wampanoag people have
lived for at least 10,000 years at Aquinnah (Gay Head) and throughout
the island of Noepe (Martha's Vineyard), pursuing a traditional economy
based on fishing and agriculture.
http://www.wampanoagtribe.net/
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| Warm
Springs |
Small
Things Count for Big Things
Myra Shawaway, manager of the tribal Culture
and Heritage Department, was born in Warm Springs of a Paiute father
and raised by a grandmother who spoke Sahaptin, the language of the
Warm Springs people.
http://www.nwrel.org/nwedu/summer00/small.html
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Warm Springs Reservation
Welcome to Warm Springs, a nation where the
sun shines most every day and time turns to the pace of a culture that
has been thousands of years in the making.
http://www.warmsprings.com/
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| Washoe |
Washoe
For over 400 generations Lake Tahoe has
been the home of the Washoe People.
http://itcn.org/tribes/washoe/intro.html
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Washoe Educational
Project
This curriculum is about the Washoe Indians,
who live in this area and whose culture has been here for over 9000
years.
http://www.unr.edu/nnap/WC/wc_main.htm
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Speaking
the language of the land
As the sun rose over Lake Tahoe, a line of
children held hands and prayed to the lake in their native tongue,
Washoe. The sunlight glowed on the water and splashed bright color
on their faces where they stood looking out over the water.
http://www.greatbasinweb.com/millennium/washoe.html
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| Winnebago |
See
Ho-Chunk/Winnebago
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| WinTU |
Native
Americans Around Mt. Shasta - Wintu
The Wintu are the northern most group of
the Wintun people that inhabit a long narrow stretch of the western
Sacramento Valley north of the San Francisco bay to the Trinity/Sacramento/McCloud
rivers (Lapena 324). Other names associated with the Wintu have included:
Wintun, Wintoons, Kenesti, Patawe and Northern Wintun (Brandt and
Davis-Kimball xviii).
http://www.siskiyous.edu/shasta/nat/win.htm
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The
Wintu Share Their Cottonwood Valley
The so called Cottonwood Indians had existed
for hundreds of years in this area prior to the coming of the Europeans.
At the time of the arrival of the whites, the indigenous peoples had
fairly definite areas of habitation, with the Yana (Nosa-Nozi) occupying
the area east of the Sacramento River, and three general Wintun peoples
occupying the area west of the river and into the foothills. Frémont
named what we now know as Battle Creek "Nozi Creek" after
these Yana people. Less observant whites frequently lumped them all
together with the unfriendly epithet "Diggers."
http://www.geocities.com/cott1388/wintun.html
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| Wyandot |
Huron - Wendat of Wendake
Bienvenue sur le site officiel du Regroupement
des familles wendat. Survolez-le afin de mieux connaître la
Nation Huronne-Wendat et son dévloppement.
http://www.wendake.ca/
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Wyandot Nation of Kansas
The Wyandot Nation of Kansas is proud
to be a member of the Wendat Confederacy.
http://www.wyandot.org/
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Wyandot Nation of Oklahoma
Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma is a Federally
Recognized U.S.Indian Tribe and member of the Wendat Confederacy
http://www.wyandot.org/oklahoma/
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| GENERAL
NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE INFORMATION: |
Activities for ESL Students
This web site has over 1,000 activities
to help you study English as a Second Language. This project of The
Internet TESL Journal includes contributions by many teachers.
http://www.a4esl.org/
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American Indian
Language Policy and School Success
This article looks from a historical perspective at what impact the
implementation of the American Indian Languages Act might have on
Indian education.
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~jar/BOISE.html
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Dave's ESL Cafe
First introduced in 1995, this well-known website, designed and maintained
by Dave Sperling, is a meeting place for both ESL teachers and students.
This friendly site provides numerous resources for instruction, activities
and games, specific teaching tips, as well as opportunities for ESL
teachers and ESL students to interact with their peers through chats
and discussion groups.
http://www.eslcafe.com/
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|
Directory
of ESL Resources Online
The National Clearinghouse for Bilingual
Education and the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics,
with funding from the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Bilingual
Education and Minority Languages Affairs (OBEMLA) and Office of Educational
Research and Improvement (OERI), have created this online directory
of ESL resources.
http://www.cal.org/ericcll/ncbe/esldirectory/
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Ethnologue:Americas
Languages
United States of America. 261,000,000 (1994 US Census Bureau); 1,900,000
American Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts, not all speaking indigenous
languages (1990 census).
http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/USA.html
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Foundation For Endangered Languages
The aims of the Foundation are: to raise
awareness of endangered languages, both inside and outside the communities
where they are spoken, through all channels and media; ...
http://www.ogmios.org/
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Indigenous
Languages and Speakers in the US
How many indigenous American languages
are spoken in the United States? By how many speakers?
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/askncela/20natlang.htm
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IPOLA
IPOLA—the Institute for the Preservation of the Original Languages
of the Americas— works with indigenous communities to preserve and
perpetuate the languages of the original inhabitants of the Western
Hemisphere. IPOLA's mission is based on a belief that language is
the foundation of culture.
http://www.ipola.org/main.html
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Language
List
Linguistic Classificationof American Indians
http://users.cybercity.dk/~nmb3879/indian.html
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Lannan
Foundation Language Grants
Lannan has supported several local efforts
toward the revitalization and preservation of Native languages. These
projects are located throughout the United States, and involve a number
of different languages including Blackfoot, Mohawk, Hawaiian, and
Washo.
http://www.lannan.org/ICP/grant/language.htm
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Learn English-Have Fun
Learn english and have fun on this site!
Do you want to learn English? Do you want to have fun?
If your answer is "Yes", then you are at the right place
for ESL practice.
Here you can find English games to give you fun practice, English
crosswords to help you remember all those new words, ESL tests to
practise vocabulary and grammar, and great English jokes so you can
laugh while you learn. Make every day an English day
http://www.englishday.com/
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Learning
an Endangered Language
Some ways you can learn more about
an endangered language, investigate languages indigenous to your own
locality, take a course in an endangered language, buy a recording
of an endangered language, read a grammar of an endangered language.
http://sapir.ling.yale.edu/~elf/study.html
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Native
American Languages Act 1990
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/miscpubs/stabilize/ii-policy/nala1990.htm
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Native
American Languages
Links to many Native American languages.
http://www.nativeculture.com/lisamitten/natlang.html
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North Amerindian Languages
Numbers in North Amerindian Languages
http://www.zompist.com/amer.htm
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Native
American Language Preservation
Even when there are many speakers of
a Native language, that language can be endangered. Native American
Language Preservation (NALP) is a national organization consisting
of educators and linguists working to teach and preserve Native American
languages.
http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/CASAE/nalp/index.html
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Resources for Endangered
Languages
This site is for members and friends
of endangered language communities, with an emphasis on Native American
languages
http://www.nativelanguages.org/
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Saving Our
Tongues
Tony Mattina wishes we'd pay as much attention to saving Native American
languages as we do to preserving plant and animal species like the
spotted owl.
http://www.umt.edu/comm/wint96/tongues.htm
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Stabilizing
Indigenous Languages
Stabilizing Indigenous Languages
includes descriptions of successful native language programs and papers
by leaders in the field of indigenous language study.
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/miscpubs/stabilize/
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Teaching
Indigenous Languages Home Page
Teaching Indigenous Languages-Educators Resources
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~jar/TIL.html
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"the
People's Paths home page!" First People's Language
First People's Language Resources!
http://www.yvwiiusdinvnohii.net/language.html
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UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA
Languages of the United States of America
http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=USA
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